Similar to ANP, BNP is involved in cardiovascular homeostasis and is used as a biomarker for heart failure.
Common Name:
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
Compound Name:
Brain Natriuretic Peptide
Chemical Formula:
C108H152N28O32S2
Molecular Weight:
Approximately 3464.9 g/mol (similar to ANP, varies slightly based on specific amino acid modifications)
Sequence and Amino Acid Composition:
- Sequence: Ser-Pro-Lys-Met-Val-Gln-Gly-Ser-Gly-Cys-Phe-Gly-Arg-Lys-Met-Asp-Arg-Ile-Gly-Ala-Gln-Ser-Gly-Leu-Gly-Cys
- Amino Acid Profile:
- Cysteine (C):
- Frequency: 2
- Properties: Contains thiol groups that form an intramolecular disulfide bridge, critical for maintaining structural integrity and biological activity.
- Role in the Peptide: Essential for stabilizing the ring structure of the peptide, necessary for effective receptor interaction.
- Arginine (R), Glycine (G), Serine (S):
- Roles in the Peptide: Enhance the peptide’s natriuretic and diuretic properties; Glycine and Serine contribute to peptide flexibility and activity.
- Cysteine (C):
Structure:
BNP is a 32-amino acid peptide with a ring structure formed by a disulfide bridge between two cysteine residues, similar to ANP. This structure is vital for its biological activity, including its interactions with natriuretic peptide receptors.
Synthesis Method:
Synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis, ensuring high purity and consistency essential for both research and therapeutic applications.
Solubility:
Soluble in water and physiological buffers, suitable for various medical and research applications.
Stability:
Sensitive to temperature and oxidative conditions. It is best stored in lyophilized form at low temperatures to preserve its stability and biological activity.
Function:
BNP is primarily involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. It is released from ventricular myocardial cells in response to stretching forces. BNP aids in reducing systemic vascular resistance and central venous pressure, as well as increasing natriuresis.
Benefits and Uses:
- Used clinically as a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of heart failure.
- Therapeutically explored for its potential in treating conditions such as hypertension and acute congestive heart failure.
- Its levels in blood are used to guide treatment decisions and monitor therapy effectiveness in heart failure patients.
Side Effects:
Generally well tolerated when used as a biomarker. As a therapeutic agent, potential side effects include hypotension and possible electrolyte imbalance, necessitating careful monitoring.
Regulatory Status:
Approved by FDA and other regulatory bodies worldwide as a diagnostic marker for heart failure. Therapeutic applications are still under clinical investigation.
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